Social Development and Gender Gap in Information Technology Perspective

Luluk  Fauziah; Ni Luh Yulyana Dewi; Hefri  Yodiansyah; Nani; Yohanes Bastian Vestralen  Lameng

doi:10.54783/ijsoc.v5i1.661

Luluk Fauziah Sekolah Vokasi Universitas Diponegoro Semarang, Indonesia
Ni Luh Yulyana Dewi Universitas Pendidikan Nasional, Indonesia
Hefri Yodiansyah STISIP Persada Bunda, Indonesia
Nani Universitas Pamulang, Indonesia
Yohanes Bastian Vestralen Lameng Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi Harapan Bangsa, Bandung, Indonesia

DOI: https://doi.org/10.54783/ijsoc.v5i1.661

Keywords: Social Development, Gender Gap, Digital Divide, Information and Communication Technology (ICT).

Abstract

ICT's rapid growth should benefit society. ICT can empower the poor, grow the economy, and develop society. However, ICT infrastructure growth is still not able to reach all levels of society, and its use might produce gender disparities in accessing social networks and social capital, especially for women. Women are still underrepresented in IT development. Skills, education, language barriers, time restrictions, sexy stereotypes that make women easy targets for harassment, and changing cultural and social standards all contribute to the digital divide of women. Information and communication technology is used to study social progress and gender gap (ICT). This study uses qualitative descriptive methodologies. This study revealed that social development based on ICT could be the key to economic growth and empowering the marginalized. Still, social development with ICT can create a gap that we know as the digital divide. The development of this digital divide is not only caused by the absence of tools but more than that due to a gender gap.

References

Ahuja, M. K. (1995, April). Information technology and the gender factor. In Proceedings of the 1995 ACM SIGCPR conference on Supporting teams, groups, and learning inside and outside the IS function reinventing IS (pp. 156-166).

Antonio, A., & Tuffley, D. (2014). The gender digital divide in developing countries. Future Internet, 6(4), 673–687.

Assar, S., El Amrani, R., & Watson, R. T. (2010). ICT and education: A critical role in human and social development. Information Technology for Development, 16(3), 151–158.

Blau, P. M. (2017). Exchange and power in social life. Routledge.

Bradley, H. (2015). Fractured identities: Changing patterns of inequality. John Wiley & Sons.

Burkle, M. (2003). Technology has forgotten them: Women in developing countries and information technologies. Women, art, and technology. MIT Press: Massachusetts.

Castells, M. (1999). Information technology, globalization and social development (Vol. 114). Geneva: UNRISD.

Catalano, R. F., & Hawkins, J. D. (1996). The social development model: a theory of antisocial behavior.

Catalano, R. F., Haggerty, K. P., Oesterle, S., Fleming, C. B., & Hawkins, J. D. (2004). The importance of bonding to school for healthy development: Social Development Research Group Findings. Journal of school health, pp. 74, 252–261.

Chen, W., & Wellman, B. (2005). Minding the cyber-gap: the internet and social inequality. The Blackwell companion to social inequalities, 523-545.

Cherny, L., & Weise, E. R. (1996). Wired women: Gender and new realities in cyberspace (No. hal-02297968).

Chiu, R. L. (2004). Sociocultural sustainability of housing: a conceptual exploration. Housing, theory and society, 21(2), 65–76.

Cockburn, C., & Fürst, R. (1994). Introduction: Looking for the gender/technology relation. Na.

Conyers, D. (1982). An introduction to social planning in the Third World. John Wiley & Sons Incorporated.

Elliott, D. (1993). Social work and social development: Towards an integrative model for social work practice. International Social Work, 36(1), 21–36.

Farah, N. R. (2009). Egypt's political economy: power relations in development. American Univ in Cairo Press.

Flax, J. (1987). Postmodernism and gender relations in feminist theory. Signs: Journal of women in culture and society, 12(4), 621–643.

Fors, M., & Moreno, A. (2002, June). The benefits and obstacles of implementing ICTs strategies for development from a bottom‐up approach. In Aslib proceedings. MCB UP Ltd.

Gurumurthy, A. (2006). Promoting gender equality? Some development-related uses of ICTs by women. Development in practice, 16(6), 611-616.

Henwood, F. (1996). WISE choices? Understanding occupational decision-making in a climate of equal opportunities for women in science and technology. Gender and Education, 8(2), 199–214.

Howard, P. N., Busch, L., & Sheets, P. (2010). Comparing digital divides: Internet access and social inequality in Canada and the United States. Canadian Journal of communication, 35(1), 109–128.

Kozma, R. B. (2005). National policies that connect ICT-based education reform to economic and social development. Human Technology: An interdisciplinary journal on humans in ICT environments.

Melhem, S., Morrell, C., & Tandon, N. (2009). Information and communication technologies for women's socio-economic empowerment.

Midgley, J. O. (2013). Social development: Theory and practice. Social Development, pp. 1–296.

Midgley, J., & Pawar, M. (Eds.). (2016). Future directions in social development. Springer.

Moleong, L. J. (2014). Metode penelitian kualitatif edisi revisi. Bandung: PT Remaja Rosdakarya.

Orlikowski, W. J., & Barley, S. R. (2001). Technology and institutions: What can research on information technology and research on organizations learn from each other? MIS Quarterly, 145-165.

Paiva, J. F. X. (1977). A conception of social development. Social Service Review, 51(2), 327-336.

Palomares-Ruiz, A., Cebrián, A., López-Parra, E., & García-Toledano, E. (2020). ICT integration into science education and its relationship to the digital gender gap. Sustainability, 12(13), 5286.

Parsons, T. (1970). Equality and inequality in modern society or social stratification revisited. Sociological Inquiry, 40(2), 13–72.

Reynolds, K. J., Subašić, E., & Tindall, K. (2015). The problem of behavior change: From social norms to an ingroup focus. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 9(1), 45–56.

Rhode, D. L. (1999). Speaking of sex: The denial of gender inequality. Harvard University Press.

Roan, A., & Whitehouse, G. (2007). Women, information technology and ‘waves of optimism’: Australian evidence on ‘mixed‐skill’jobs. New Technology, Work and Employment, 22(1), 21–33.

Schaffer, H. R. (1996). Social development. Blackwell Publishing.

Schulze, M., & Amering, M. (2020). Women’s Political and Economic Participation. Mental Health and Illness of Women, 59-80.

Segovia‐Pérez, M., Castro Núñez, R. B., Santero Sánchez, R., & Laguna Sánchez, P. (2020). Being a woman in an ICT job: An analysis of the gender pay gap and discrimination in Spain. New Technology, Work and Employment, 35(1), 20-39.

Snape, D. S. L.(2003). The Foundations of Qualitative Research. Qualitative research practice: A guide for social science students and researchers, pp. 2–23.

Stiglitz, J. E. (2002). Towards a new paradigm for development: strategies, policies, and processes.

Turiel, E. (2002). The culture of morality: Social development, context, and conflict. Cambridge University Press.

Volman, M., & van Eck, E. (2001). Gender equity and information technology in education: The second decade. Review of educational research, 71(4), 613-634.

Webster, F. (2014). Theories of the information society. Routledge.

Wirutomo, P. (2014). Sociological reconceptualization of social development: With empirical evidence from Surakarta City, Indonesia. Asian Social Science, 10(11), 283.

Wirutomo, P. (2016). Dealing with brawls in Jakarta’s slum area: Pursuing social development through social engagement. The Senshu social well-being review, 3(3), 93–109.

Woolcock, M. (1998). Social capital and economic development: Toward a theoretical synthesis and policy framework. Theory and Society, 27(2), 151–208.

Zheng, Y., & Walsham, G. (2008). Inequality of what? Social exclusion in the e‐society as capability deprivation. Information Technology & People, 21(3), 222–243.