Ideology: Factors of Middle East Conflict and Failure
Abstract
The following article explains how Western ideology is a major factor in the occurrence of conflicts and state failures in the Middle East. In this paper, the author looks at the perspective of ideological hegemony. Ideology destroys the political and economic system which causes social inequality, thus accelerating the outbreak of conflict in the Middle East. The author raises Syria and Libya as examples to prove the factors driving the conflict. The author argues that the main cause of the Middle East conflict is the influence of Western ideology that has not been accepted by both the holders of power and society, which has led to divisions and even wars. Democracy is a model that is accepted in many countries which cannot be applied in the Middle East. The author also criticizes the failure to implement democracy and liberal economics in the Middle East.
References
Abu-Manneh, B. (1980). The Christians between Ottomanism and Syrian nationalism: the ideas of Butrus al-Bustani. International Journal of Middle East Studies, 11(3), 287-304.
Abu-ʿUksa, W. (2019). Imagining modernity: the language and genealogy of modernity in nineteenth-century Arabic. Middle Eastern Studies, 55(5), 671-682.
Akdemir, S. (2000). Suriye’deki Etnik ve Dini Yapının Siyasi Yapının Oluşmasındaki Rolü. Avrasya Dosyası Dergisi, ASAM Yay, 6(1).
Bottcher, A. (2002). Official Sunni and Shi'i Islam in Syria.
Burgess, J. P., & Constantinou, C. M. (2013). New Middle East, new insecurities and the limits of liberation geography.
Chelkowski, P. J., & Pranger, R. J. (Eds.). (2013). Ideology and power in the Middle East: studies in honor of George Lenczowski. Duke University Press.
Doumato, E. A. (2007). Teaching Islam: textbooks and religion in the Middle East. Rienner.
Drysdale, A. (1987). Political conflict and Jordanian access to the sea. Geographical Review, 86-102.
Drysdale, A., & Blake, G. H. (1985). The Middle East and North Africa: A Political Geography. Oxford University Press on Demand.
Halliday, F. (2005). The Middle East in international relations: power, politics and ideology (Vol. 4). Cambridge University Press.
Harun, A. N. A. Y. (2001). Çağdaş Arap düşüncesi üzerine. Dîvân: Disiplinlerarası Çalışmalar Dergisi, (10).
Hassan, O. (2008). Bush's freedom agenda: ideology and the democratization of the Middle East. Democracy and Security, 4(3), 268-289.
Özalkan, S. (2018). Tarihsel Perspektiften Arap Milliyetçiliği. İnsamer,(2018 Ocak).
Pressman, J. (2009). Power without influence: the Bush administration's foreign policy failure in the Middle East. International Security, 33(4), 149-179.
Shea, J. J. (2003). The middle paleolithic of the east Mediterranean Levant. Journal of World Prehistory, 17(4), 313-394.
Shoup, J. A. (2011). Ethnic groups of Africa and the Middle East: an encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO.
Sidaway, J. D. (1994). Geopolitics, geography, and ‘terrorism’in the Middle East. Environment and Planning D: Society and Space, 12(3), 357-372.
Tian, N., Fleurant, A., Kuimova, A., Wezeman, P. D., & Wezeman, S. T. (2018). Trends in world military expenditure, 2017. Stockholm International Peace Research Institute.
Copyright (c) 2020 International Journal of Science and Society
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.