Psychodynamic-Based Family Counseling Strategies in Building Healthy Family Communication Patterns
Abstract
Closed, blaming, and pressure-filled family communication patterns are closely associated with various psychological problems, ranging from adolescent depression to anxiety and emotional mental disorders. Empirical studies on family communication are generally not framed with psychodynamic theory, while psychodynamic studies remain conceptual–historical and have not been operationalized into applicable counseling strategies. This study aimed to identify psychodynamic principles relevant to family communication patterns and formulate psychodynamically based family counseling strategies to build healthy family communication. A qualitative approach was used with the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method following PRISMA guidelines, searching Google Scholar, Garuda, SINTA, ScienceDirect, ERIC, ProQuest, and PsycINFO for articles published between 2015 and 2025, analyzed through content and thematic analysis. Results showed that problematic family communication patterns are manifestations of unconscious dynamics, unresolved object relations, pathogenic introjection, and ego defense mechanisms. Based on these findings, five counseling strategies were formulated: building a working alliance and holding environment, exploring family-of-origin history, fostering insight, managing transference–countertransference, and addressing defense mechanisms, implemented through genogram, associative exploration, interpretation, and working through techniques. These strategies are projected to break intergenerational transmission of maladaptive emotional patterns and build more open, empathetic, and reflective family communication.
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